CryptoTax Map
by Alessandro Palombo
Interactive crypto tax rates and regulations for 168 countries.
Hover the map. Find your tier.
Updated February 13, 2026
Global Ranking
Tax, privacy, safety, business
Reaffirms zero crypto tax, expands virtual asset licensing
Exempts crypto held 3+ years from capital gains
Extends crypto tax exemption for digital asset exchanges
Maintains 30% flat tax on crypto with 1% TDS
Doubles down on Bitcoin as legal tender strategy
IRS finalizes broker reporting rules for crypto
Maintains 0% capital gains on crypto for individuals
Raises crypto capital gains tax to 42% for 2026
168 countries
Antigua and Barbuda
HeavenNo personal income tax. Zero capital gains tax. CBI program from $230K accepts Bitcoin proof-of-funds.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Bahamas
HeavenZero income tax, zero capital gains tax, zero inheritance tax jurisdiction. Close proximity to Miami. Total tax haven for crypto investors.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Bahrain
HeavenNo personal income tax. Zero tax on crypto gains for individuals. Regulated by the Central Bank of Bahrain with a clear licensing framework for digital asset businesses.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Belize
HeavenBelize has no capital gains tax. Income from investments is exempt. Popular with offshore structuring.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Bermuda
HeavenZero-tax regime for individuals. Allows local taxes to be paid in USDC since 2019. New 15% corporate tax only applies to massive multinationals.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Bhutan
HeavenBhutan has no capital gains tax and has been mining Bitcoin since 2019 using hydroelectric power.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
British Virgin Islands
HeavenClassic offshore tax haven with zero taxation across the board. No capital gains, no income tax on non-residents, no corporate tax for IBCs, no inheritance tax, no sales tax.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Brunei
HeavenNo personal income tax. Zero tax on crypto gains for individuals. 5% social fund contribution required. No CBI program available.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Cambodia
HeavenCambodia has no capital gains tax. Growing crypto adoption. Dollar-based economy.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Cayman Islands
HeavenAbsolute zero-tax jurisdiction. No income tax, no capital gains tax, no corporate tax, no inheritance tax. CARF reporting being implemented for transparency.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Dominica
HeavenNo capital gains tax. Personal income tax exists but no CGT. Cheapest CBI in the Caribbean at $100K.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
El Salvador
HeavenFirst country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender. Eliminated all taxes on 'technological innovation' including crypto in 2023. Bitcoin citizenship available for $1M investment.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Georgia
HeavenMinistry of Finance confirms individuals are exempt from all income tax on crypto profits. Crypto not considered 'Georgian sourced' income. Mining equipment imports are duty-free.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Grenada
HeavenNo personal income tax. Zero capital gains tax. Grenada's CBI is the only Caribbean passport with a US E-2 treaty, making it uniquely valuable.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Kuwait
HeavenNo personal income tax. Zero tax on crypto gains for individuals. Kuwait has been cautious about crypto regulation.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Liechtenstein
HeavenLiechtenstein does not tax capital gains for individuals. Pioneering Blockchain Act provides full crypto regulation.
0%
effective rate
0% for individuals
capital gains
Maldives
HeavenMaldives has no personal income tax or capital gains tax. Tourism-based economy with growing crypto interest.
0%
effective rate
0% (no income tax)
capital gains
Mauritius
HeavenZero tax on all crypto income for individuals. Special 1% token trading regime for businesses. Gateway to Africa/Asia investment with investment visa program.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Monaco
HeavenNo personal income or capital gains tax for residents (except French nationals). Ultra-luxury zero-tax jurisdiction for crypto investors.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Panama
HeavenTerritorial tax system means all foreign-sourced crypto gains are 100% tax-free. Crypto traded on international exchanges is considered foreign-sourced. No VAT on crypto transactions.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Saint Kitts and Nevis
HeavenNo personal income tax or capital gains tax. Pioneer of CBI programs. Bitcoin.com headquarters.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Saint Lucia
HeavenSaint Lucia has no capital gains tax. CBI program offers citizenship from $100K.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Samoa
HeavenSamoa has no capital gains tax. Small island economy with growing digital finance interest.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Saudi Arabia
HeavenNo personal income tax including on crypto gains. Corporate tax only applies to foreign entities. Saudi is developing a comprehensive digital assets regulatory framework.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Seychelles
HeavenIBCs with no local activity are exempt from corporate income tax, including crypto mining. No VAT or capital gains tax on crypto. VASP licensing legislation passed in 2024.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
HeavenSt. Vincent has no capital gains tax. Popular jurisdiction for crypto exchanges and offshore finance.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Suriname
HeavenSuriname generally does not tax capital gains for individuals. Limited crypto-specific regulation.
0%
effective rate
0% on most capital gains
capital gains
Tonga
HeavenTonga has no capital gains tax. Bitcoin adoption growing following El Salvador model.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax)
capital gains
Turkey
HeavenTurkey currently has no capital gains tax on crypto for individuals. High crypto adoption (52M+ users). New legislation pending.
0%
effective rate
0% (no capital gains tax on securities for individuals)
capital gains
Turks and Caicos Islands
HeavenZero income tax jurisdiction. No capital gains, no income tax on individuals whatsoever. However, residency/citizenship by investment is not available.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
United Arab Emirates
HeavenZero personal income tax and zero capital gains tax on all crypto activities for individuals. Dubai's VARA provides world-class regulatory framework.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Vanuatu
HeavenConstitutional zero-tax status. No personal income, capital gains, corporate, or inheritance tax. First country to accept Bitcoin for citizenship by investment (~$130K).
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Costa Rica
ParadiseTerritorial tax system means foreign-source crypto gains are tax-free. No CGT for individuals on foreign assets. Popular digital nomad destination.
0%
effective rate
0% (territorial)
capital gains
Cyprus
ParadiseNo CGT on crypto disposals for non-real estate assets. Cyprus has positioned itself as a crypto-friendly EU jurisdiction.
0%
effective rate
0% (with conditions)
capital gains
Germany
ParadiseCrypto held >1 year: completely tax-free. Sold within 1 year: taxed as income (up to 45%). Annual exemption of €1,000 for short-term gains. Germany treats crypto as 'private money', not capital asset.
0%
effective rate
0% (if held >1 year)
capital gains
Gibraltar
ParadiseNo capital gains tax, no VAT for individuals. Crypto businesses face 12.5% corporate tax. Clear regulatory framework via Financial Services Commission.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Hong Kong
ParadiseNo capital gains tax on crypto for individuals. Business traders and professionals subject to profits tax. New 2025-2026 exemptions extending to hedge funds and family offices investing in crypto.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Luxembourg
ParadiseCrypto gains tax-free after 6-month holding period. Short-term gains taxed as income up to 42%. Luxembourg is a major EU financial center.
0%
effective rate
0% after 6 months
capital gains
Malaysia
ParadiseCrypto held as investment is exempt from capital gains tax. But if you trade frequently (day trading), it becomes taxable as business income. The line between 'investment' and 'trading' is subjective.
0%
effective rate
0% (individual investment)
capital gains
Malta
Paradise'Blockchain Island' - no capital gains tax on long-term crypto held as 'store of value'. Business/trading may face 35% tax but can be reduced to 0-5% with proper structuring. MiCA alignment in 2025.
0%
effective rate
0% (long-term, store of value)
capital gains
Oman
ParadiseNo personal income tax. Crypto gains for individuals are tax-free under general tax framework. Corporate tax at 15%. Blockchain regulation being explored in 2025.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Paraguay
ParadiseTerritorial tax system means zero tax on foreign-source Bitcoin gains. 10% on local source income. Crypto mining law passed 2024. Cheapest citizenship path ($5K, 3 years).
0%
effective rate
0% (foreign source)
capital gains
Portugal
ParadiseHold crypto >365 days and sell for 0% tax. Short-term gains taxed at 28%. Crypto-to-crypto swaps reset the holding period. NHR 2.0 (IFICI) available for qualified professionals.
0%
effective rate
0% (held >365 days); 28% (held <365 days)
capital gains
Puerto Rico
ParadiseAct 60 offers 0% capital gains on crypto acquired AFTER becoming resident. Crypto acquired before moving is still subject to US federal tax. Must spend 183+ days/year on island. Loophole under legislative threat.
0%
effective rate
0% (on crypto acquired after becoming resident)
capital gains
Qatar
ParadiseNo personal income tax. Crypto gains for individuals are tax-free. Corporate tax at 10%. Digital Asset Regulatory framework being finalized by Q2 2025.
0%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Singapore
ParadiseNo capital gains tax for individual investors. Becomes taxable (0-24%) only if IRAS classifies your activity as business/trading income based on frequency, intent, and 'badges of trade'.
0%
effective rate
0% (investments); taxable if business
capital gains
Switzerland
ParadiseCapital gains on crypto are tax-free for individual investors at federal level. Small wealth tax (0.5-0.8%) applies to total crypto holdings. Professional traders may face income tax. Home of 'Crypto Valley' in Zug.
0%
effective rate
0% (individual investors)
capital gains
Thailand
Paradise5-year tax holiday (2025-2029) on crypto capital gains - but ONLY through Thai SEC-licensed domestic exchanges. Foreign platforms, DeFi, P2P trades NOT covered. Temporary program.
0%
effective rate
0% (2025-2029 tax holiday, conditions apply)
capital gains
Uzbekistan
ParadiseCrypto gains exempt from personal income tax since 2023. Mining is licensed and regulated. Uzbekistan is positioning itself as a crypto-friendly Central Asian hub.
0%
effective rate
0% (individuals)
capital gains
Albania
Purgatory15% flat tax on crypto gains. Albania has become popular with digital nomads and has a growing tech scene.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Andorra
Purgatory10% flat tax on income. Andorra is a popular destination for crypto entrepreneurs with low taxes and high quality of life.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Angola
PurgatoryAngola applies 10% withholding on investment income including crypto gains. Relatively favorable rate.
10%
effective rate
10% on investment income
capital gains
Argentina
Purgatory5-15% tax on realized gains and cross-border crypto transfers. Shifted from wealth-style declaration. Tax amnesty through March 2025 for undeclared crypto. Highest crypto adoption in the region ($91B inflows in 2024).
10%
effective rate
5-15%
capital gains
Armenia
Purgatory10% capital gains tax. Armenia has attracted tech talent post-2022 with a growing startup ecosystem and crypto-friendly environment.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Azerbaijan
Purgatory14% income tax rate. Azerbaijan has limited crypto-specific regulation but general tax rules apply.
14%
effective rate
14%
capital gains
Barbados
PurgatoryNo capital gains tax but income tax up to 28.5%. Barbados Welcome Stamp digital nomad visa popular with crypto holders.
12%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Belarus
PurgatoryTax holiday on crypto ran through 2025 via High-Tech Park decree. Post-exemption, individuals face 13% tax on crypto income. Future extensions uncertain due to geopolitical situation.
13%
effective rate
0% (was exempt through 2025; uncertain now)
capital gains
Bolivia
PurgatoryBolivia taxes crypto gains at 13%. Previously banned crypto, lifted ban in 2024. Growing adoption.
13%
effective rate
13% on gains
capital gains
Bosnia and Herzegovina
PurgatoryBosnia has a flat 10% tax on income including crypto gains. Low tax burden.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Brazil
PurgatoryFlat 15-17.5% tax on all crypto gains. Previous progressive model and small investor exemption (R$35,000/month) removed in 2025. CARF reporting from mid-2026.
17%
effective rate
15-17.5% (flat)
capital gains
Bulgaria
Purgatory10% flat tax on both personal income and corporate income. Bulgaria has Europe's lowest combined tax rates.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Colombia
Purgatory15% flat rate on capital gains. Colombia has a growing crypto ecosystem with regulatory sandbox for exchanges.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Croatia
PurgatoryHold crypto for 2+ years and pay 0% tax. Short-term gains face ~10% national tax plus city surtax (effective ~12%). EU member state subject to DAC8.
12%
effective rate
0% (held >2 years); ~12% (held <2 years)
capital gains
Czech Republic
PurgatoryStandard 15% income tax on crypto gains. 3-year holding period exemption available. Higher rate of 23% for high earners. DAC8 compliance from 2026.
15%
effective rate
15% (standard); 0% if held >3 years
capital gains
Estonia
PurgatoryCrypto profits taxed at 20% only when sold or exchanged. Holding is not taxable. VAT-exempt. E-Residency program allows remote business creation. Digital pioneer but not a tax haven.
20%
effective rate
20% (on disposal)
capital gains
Fiji
Purgatory10% capital gains tax. Fiji has limited crypto regulation but general tax rules apply. Growing digital economy.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Greece
Purgatory15% flat tax on crypto gains. Greece has introduced a digital nomad visa and non-dom regime attracting crypto holders.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Guatemala
PurgatoryGuatemala taxes capital gains at 10%. Low overall tax burden. Limited crypto regulation.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Honduras
PurgatoryHonduras has a 10% capital gains tax. Exploring Bitcoin as legal tender following El Salvador. ZEDE zones offer tax benefits.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Hungary
Purgatory15% flat personal income tax applies to crypto gains. Hungary has the EU's lowest corporate tax rate at 9%.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Indonesia
PurgatoryVery low 0.1% final tax on crypto transactions plus 0.11% VAT. Indonesia has a large and growing crypto market.
1%
effective rate
0.1%
capital gains
Jordan
PurgatoryNo capital gains tax but income tax up to 25%. Crypto regulation under development. Growing fintech sector.
10%
effective rate
0%
capital gains
Kazakhstan
Purgatory10% flat tax. Kazakhstan became a major Bitcoin mining hub after China's ban. AIFC in Astana offers crypto-friendly regulation.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Kenya
Purgatory3% digital asset tax on transfer/exchange value. Kenya is a major crypto hub in East Africa with high mobile money adoption driving crypto use.
3%
effective rate
3% digital asset tax
capital gains
Kosovo
PurgatoryKosovo has low tax rates with 0-10% income tax. Growing tech sector with crypto adoption.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Kyrgyzstan
PurgatoryKyrgyzstan has a flat 10% income tax. Growing crypto mining sector due to cheap electricity.
10%
effective rate
10% on income
capital gains
Laos
PurgatoryLaos taxes capital gains at 10%. Limited crypto adoption. Government exploring digital currency.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Lithuania
Purgatory15% flat tax on crypto gains. Lithuania has become a hub for crypto companies with its licensing framework.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Madagascar
PurgatoryMadagascar has a flat 20% tax on capital gains and income. Low overall tax burden.
20%
effective rate
20% on gains
capital gains
Moldova
Purgatory12% flat tax rate on income including crypto. Moldova has very low tax rates and is developing its IT sector.
12%
effective rate
12%
capital gains
Mongolia
Purgatory10% flat income tax. Mongolia has favorable tax rates and growing interest in crypto mining due to cheap energy.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Montenegro
PurgatoryProgressive tax 9-15%. Montenegro uses EUR and has become a hub for crypto entrepreneurs.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Nicaragua
PurgatoryNicaragua taxes capital gains at 10%. Growing crypto adoption but limited regulation.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Nigeria
Purgatory10% capital gains tax on crypto disposals. Nigeria has Africa's largest crypto market despite past regulatory friction. SEC now regulates digital assets.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
North Macedonia
PurgatoryNorth Macedonia has a flat 10% tax on capital gains. EU accession candidate.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Papua New Guinea
PurgatoryPapua New Guinea taxes capital gains at 10%. Limited crypto adoption and regulation.
10%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Philippines
PurgatoryCrypto gains treated as capital gains at various rates. High adoption driven by play-to-earn games and remittances.
15%
effective rate
Up to 15%
capital gains
Poland
PurgatoryFlat 19% tax on crypto gains. Poland has a clear tax framework and growing crypto adoption.
19%
effective rate
19%
capital gains
Romania
Purgatory10% flat tax on crypto gains. Romania has one of Europe's lowest personal income tax rates.
10%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Russia
PurgatoryRussia taxes crypto at 13-15% personal income tax. Crypto mining legalized in 2024; payments restricted domestically.
15%
effective rate
13-15% on income
capital gains
Rwanda
PurgatoryLow 5% CGT rate. Rwanda is positioning itself as a tech hub in East Africa with progressive digital asset regulation.
5%
effective rate
5%
capital gains
San Marino
PurgatorySan Marino has a 12% tax on capital gains. No VAT system. Small but prosperous microstate.
12%
effective rate
12% on gains
capital gains
Serbia
Purgatory15% flat tax on crypto gains. Serbia has a growing tech sector and competitive tax rates.
15%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
Slovakia
Purgatory19% tax on crypto gains (25% above EUR 38K). Slovakia's tax rate for crypto is competitive within the EU.
19%
effective rate
19%
capital gains
Slovenia
Purgatory10% tax on crypto withdrawals to fiat and payments since 2023. Occasional trading gains still untaxed. Moving away from former crypto-friendly status. Rate may decrease with longer holding.
10%
effective rate
10% (on withdrawals/payments); 0% on occasional trading
capital gains
Solomon Islands
PurgatorySolomon Islands has limited crypto adoption. Standard income tax applies to gains.
15%
effective rate
Variable
capital gains
South Korea
PurgatoryCrypto capital gains tax delayed AGAIN to 2027. Currently 0% as the 20% tax keeps getting postponed. When implemented: 20% on gains >2.5M won (~$1,900). Massive crypto adoption (millions of traders).
0%
effective rate
20% (planned, delayed until 2027)
capital gains
South Sudan
PurgatorySouth Sudan has low personal income tax rates. Crypto essentially unregulated.
15%
effective rate
10% on income
capital gains
Taiwan
PurgatoryCrypto gains taxed at 20% as property transactions. Progressive income tax up to 40%. Taiwan has a regulated exchange environment.
20%
effective rate
20%
capital gains
Tajikistan
PurgatoryTajikistan has a 13% income tax rate. Crypto not specifically regulated.
13%
effective rate
13% on income
capital gains
Timor-Leste
PurgatoryTimor-Leste has a flat 10% income tax. Dollar-based economy. Minimal crypto regulation.
10%
effective rate
10% on income
capital gains
Turkmenistan
PurgatoryTurkmenistan has a 10% income tax. Highly restricted financial system. Crypto unofficial.
10%
effective rate
10% on income
capital gains
Ukraine
PurgatoryCrypto legalized in 2022. 18% income tax plus 1.5% military levy. 5% discounted rate was proposed but war conditions complicate implementation.
19%
effective rate
18% + 1.5% military levy
capital gains
Uruguay
Purgatory12% tax on capital income (IRPF Cat II). Uruguay has a stable economy and regulatory environment. Digital assets regulation being developed.
12%
effective rate
12%
capital gains
Afghanistan
LimboAfghanistan has limited formal tax enforcement. Crypto growing as alternative to banking restrictions.
20%
effective rate
Unclear
capital gains
Australia
LimboCrypto gains taxed at personal income tax rates (0-45%). 50% CGT discount for assets held >12 months. ATO actively monitors via exchange data-matching. No separate crypto tax rate.
23%
effective rate
0-45% (progressive, with 50% CGT discount for >12 months)
capital gains
Austria
LimboAustria taxes crypto capital gains at a flat 27.5%. Clear regulations under EU MiCA framework. Holding period benefit abolished in 2022.
27.5%
effective rate
27.5% flat on crypto
capital gains
Belgium
LimboComplex system: 0% if 'normal management of private wealth', 33% if speculative, or progressive rates if professional. New 10% tax on crypto gains from Jan 2026 for normal asset management. Pre-2026 gains exempt from new tax.
25%
effective rate
0-33% (complex classification)
capital gains
Botswana
LimboNo specific crypto legislation. General income tax applies. Botswana has strong institutions but limited crypto infrastructure.
25%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
Cameroon
LimboCameroon applies progressive income tax rates of 10-35% to all income including crypto. Limited crypto-specific regulation.
30%
effective rate
10-35% (progressive)
capital gains
Canada
Limbo50% of capital gains included in taxable income (2/3 for gains >$250K from 2026). Effective rates up to ~54% combined federal+provincial for highest earners. No separate crypto tax rate.
27%
effective rate
50% inclusion (2/3 for gains >$250K from 2026)
capital gains
Chile
LimboCrypto taxed as income under general tax rules. Chile has a fintech law regulating crypto platforms since 2023.
25%
effective rate
Up to 35%
capital gains
Cuba
LimboCuba has limited crypto regulation and restricted international financial access. Growing Bitcoin adoption despite sanctions.
30%
effective rate
Unclear
capital gains
Dominican Republic
LimboGeneral income tax applies to crypto at progressive rates. Growing crypto adoption with no specific digital asset legislation.
25%
effective rate
27%
capital gains
DR Congo
LimboDR Congo taxes capital gains at 20%. Very limited crypto infrastructure and regulation.
20%
effective rate
20% on gains
capital gains
Ecuador
LimboGeneral income tax applies. USD-denominated economy. Crypto not specifically regulated but gaining adoption.
25%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
Egypt
LimboCrypto not specifically regulated but general tax rules apply. Central Bank historically skeptical, though stance is softening.
22%
effective rate
Up to 22.5%
capital gains
Finland
Limbo30% tax on crypto gains (34% above €30K). Mining income taxed on receipt. Tax authority flagged large gap between traders and reporters. 20% deemed cost deduction if records lost.
30%
effective rate
30% (34% above €30K)
capital gains
France
Limbo30% flat tax (PFU) on crypto gains, covering both capital gains and social contributions. Crypto-to-crypto trades remain tax-free. Staking/mining at progressive rates up to 45%. Fines for unreported accounts.
30%
effective rate
30% (flat tax / PFU)
capital gains
Ghana
LimboNo specific crypto tax legislation but general income tax applies. Growing crypto adoption with regulatory framework in development.
25%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
Guyana
LimboGuyana taxes gains at various rates. Oil boom transforming economy. Limited crypto regulation.
28%
effective rate
20% on property gains
capital gains
Iceland
Limbo22% capital income tax on crypto. Higher rates for income above ISK 11M. Iceland is popular for crypto mining due to cheap renewable energy.
22%
effective rate
22%
capital gains
Ireland
Limbo33% capital gains tax on crypto disposals. Ireland has a well-developed tech ecosystem but one of the highest CGT rates in Europe.
33%
effective rate
33%
capital gains
Israel
LimboIsrael taxes crypto capital gains at 25% (for non-business). Active fintech sector and crypto regulation.
25%
effective rate
25% on gains
capital gains
Italy
Limbo26% flat capital gains tax in 2025, rising to 33% in 2026. €2,000 annual exemption being removed. Government originally planned 42% but backed down. Alternative 18% portfolio tax option available.
26%
effective rate
26% (2025); 33% (from 2026)
capital gains
Ivory Coast
LimboIvory Coast applies a 12% flat rate on capital gains. Crypto not specifically addressed.
12%
effective rate
12% flat on capital gains
capital gains
Jamaica
LimboGeneral income tax of 25% applies to crypto gains. Jamaica has been exploring digital currency regulation.
25%
effective rate
25%
capital gains
Latvia
Limbo20% flat tax on crypto gains. Latvia applies standard capital income rules to cryptocurrency.
20%
effective rate
20%
capital gains
Lebanon
LimboCrypto has become popular due to banking crisis. General income tax applies. Limited regulatory framework.
20%
effective rate
10%
capital gains
Libya
LimboLibya has low tax rates but unstable regulatory environment. Crypto usage growing despite conflict.
15%
effective rate
Varies
capital gains
Mexico
LimboNo crypto-specific tax law. Taxed under general income tax (1.92-35% progressive). ~$4,000 annual exemption on movable property gains. 20% withholding tax on some transfers. 16% VAT applies.
25%
effective rate
1.92-35% (progressive income tax)
capital gains
Mozambique
LimboMozambique applies 20% tax on capital gains. Crypto not specifically regulated.
20%
effective rate
20% on gains
capital gains
Myanmar
LimboMyanmar crypto market growing despite political instability. Capital gains taxed at 10%.
25%
effective rate
10% on gains
capital gains
Netherlands
LimboUnique system: 36% tax on PRESUMED returns (6.44% in 2025), not actual gains. You pay tax even if your crypto lost value. Tax-free capital threshold: €57,684 single / €115,386 partners.
34%
effective rate
36% on presumed 6.44% return
capital gains
Peru
LimboCrypto gains taxed as income at progressive rates up to 30%. Limited specific crypto legislation.
30%
effective rate
Up to 30%
capital gains
Senegal
LimboSenegal taxes capital gains as income at progressive rates up to 40%. Crypto not specifically regulated.
25%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
South Africa
Limbo18% effective capital gains tax rate. Income tax on crypto up to 45% for frequent traders. Lack of clear guidance on DeFi, airdrops, and forks adds confusion.
30%
effective rate
18% (effective CGT)
capital gains
Spain
LimboProgressive capital gains tax from 19% to 28% (on profits >€300K). Staking, DeFi, and mining income taxed at regular income rates up to 47%. Modelo 721 reporting for overseas crypto holdings.
24%
effective rate
19-28%
capital gains
Sri Lanka
LimboGeneral income tax applies to crypto at progressive rates up to 30%. Post-crisis economy with evolving regulation.
24%
effective rate
Up to 30%
capital gains
Sudan
LimboSudan has relatively low tax rates but significant regulatory uncertainty for crypto.
15%
effective rate
Varies
capital gains
Sweden
LimboFlat 30% tax on all crypto capital gains. Staking and mining at income tax rates (32-52%). Skatteverket actively monitors exchanges. No holding period benefit.
30%
effective rate
30%
capital gains
Syria
LimboSyria has no specific crypto regulation. Financial system under sanctions.
22%
effective rate
Unclear
capital gains
Tanzania
LimboGeneral income tax rates apply to crypto. Tanzania has been cautious about crypto regulation but is exploring CBDC.
30%
effective rate
Up to 30%
capital gains
Trinidad and Tobago
Limbo25% flat income tax applies. Trinidad is on the EU tax blacklist. Growing crypto interest in the energy-rich economy.
25%
effective rate
25%
capital gains
Tunisia
LimboTunisia taxes gains as income at progressive rates up to 35%. Crypto not specifically regulated but gaining traction.
30%
effective rate
Up to 35%
capital gains
Uganda
LimboUganda taxes all income at 30% for individuals. Crypto treated as property; gains taxable as income.
30%
effective rate
30% on income
capital gains
United Kingdom
Limbo18% basic rate / 24% higher rate capital gains tax. Annual CGT allowance reduced to £3,000 (from £12,300 in 2022). Mining and staking income taxed as regular income up to 45%.
24%
effective rate
18-24%
capital gains
United States
LimboShort-term gains taxed as ordinary income (up to 37%+3.8% NIIT). Long-term gains (held >1 year) at 0-20%+3.8% NIIT. State taxes additional. Expanding reporting requirements. Worldwide taxation for US citizens.
25%
effective rate
0-20% (long-term); 10-37% (short-term) + 3.8% NIIT
capital gains
Vietnam
LimboCrypto not recognized as legal tender but widely used. Tax treatment unclear but general income tax applies. One of the highest crypto adoption countries globally.
25%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
Yemen
LimboYemen has minimal crypto regulation. Growing usage for remittances despite conflict.
20%
effective rate
Unclear
capital gains
Zambia
LimboZambia taxes crypto as property; gains subject to income tax up to 37.5%. Limited regulatory framework.
30%
effective rate
Property transfer tax 5%
capital gains
Algeria
HellCrypto is banned in Algeria. Purchase, sale, and holding of crypto is illegal since 2018 Finance Law.
50%
effective rate
Crypto banned
capital gains
Bangladesh
HellCrypto is effectively banned by Bangladesh Bank. Penalties for crypto trading. High income tax rates.
35%
effective rate
15%
capital gains
China
HellCrypto trading and mining completely banned since 2021. All crypto transactions illegal. Despite ban, OTC trading estimated at $75B+.
50%
effective rate
Crypto banned
capital gains
Denmark
HellCrypto profits taxed at personal income rates from 37% to 52%. Only 30% of losses can be deducted (asymmetric). One of the harshest crypto tax regimes in Europe alongside Norway.
45%
effective rate
37-52%
capital gains
Ethiopia
HellCrypto is de facto banned by the National Bank of Ethiopia. Very restrictive foreign exchange controls. High income tax rates.
35%
effective rate
Up to 35%
capital gains
India
HellFlat 30% tax on ALL crypto profits with ZERO deductions allowed. 1% TDS (Tax Deduction at Source) on all crypto transactions >₹50,000. No loss offset against other income. Cannot deduct any costs except acquisition cost.
31%
effective rate
30% (flat, no deductions)
capital gains
Iran
HellCrypto mining is licensed but heavily regulated. International sanctions complicate crypto usage. Electricity-subsidized mining for export.
40%
effective rate
Up to 25%
capital gains
Iraq
HellCrypto is banned by the Central Bank of Iraq. General income tax rates are moderate but crypto-specific enforcement is strict.
35%
effective rate
Up to 15%
capital gains
Japan
HellCrypto taxed as 'miscellaneous income' at progressive rates up to 55%(!). Not treated as capital gains (which is only 20% for stocks). Highest crypto tax rate among major economies. Reform discussions ongoing.
45%
effective rate
15-55% (miscellaneous income, progressive)
capital gains
Morocco
HellCrypto technically banned since 2017 but widely used. Tax rates are high if gains are declared. Regulatory reform under discussion.
38%
effective rate
Up to 38%
capital gains
Nepal
HellNepal has banned cryptocurrency trading. Using crypto can result in fines and imprisonment.
36%
effective rate
Crypto banned
capital gains
New Zealand
HellCrypto taxed as income at progressive rates up to 39%. No formal CGT but crypto gains treated as income for frequent traders.
39%
effective rate
Up to 39%
capital gains
North Korea
HellNorth Korea has a completely closed financial system. Crypto allegedly used by state actors for sanctions evasion.
100%
effective rate
N/A
capital gains
Norway
HellCrypto taxed like stocks at 37.84%. Unrealized holdings must be reported as wealth and are subject to wealth tax. DeFi income taxed as ordinary income. One of Europe's highest rates.
37.84%
effective rate
37.84%
capital gains
Pakistan
HellCrypto is in a legal gray area. State Bank has warned against crypto but no outright ban. High income tax rates apply.
35%
effective rate
Up to 35%
capital gains
Venezuela
HellComplex crypto situation. Government created Petro cryptocurrency. High tax rates. Crypto widely used to circumvent economic crisis and currency controls.
40%
effective rate
Up to 34%
capital gains
Zimbabwe
HellZimbabwe applies progressive income tax up to 40% on crypto gains. Crypto previously banned, now cautiously allowed.
40%
effective rate
Up to 40%
capital gains